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O que você investiga? Qual é o núcleo de sua investigação?
Física Computacional Interdisciplinar: Redes Complexas em Linguística e Psiquiatria, Transição Vítrea, Otimização de Estratégia Exploratória por Animais, Métodos de Aprendizagem em Redes Neurais Artificiais, Neurociência Teórica e Computacional (Modelos de Neurônios, Dentritos Excitáveis, Modelagem do Bulbo Olfatório, Psicofísica, Teoria de Sonhos e Sono REM), Criticalidade Auto-Organizada (Modelos de Terremotos, Avalanches Neuronais) , Modelos de Evolução Cultural (evolução da culinária), Astrobiologia (Modelos de Colonização Galática), Cientometria e Divulgação Científica (Portal de Blogs Científicos em Língua Portuguesa).
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Você tem algum link onde possamos ver algo sobre você, ou sobre o centro onde você trabalha?
Meus artigos no repositório livre ArXiv de Física: http://arxiv.org/a/kinouchi_o_1
Meu curriculo Lattes: http://tinyurl.com/3h28kr8
Meu Blog: http://semciencia.haaan.com/
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Qual é sua formação? Que experiência de trabalho tinha antes disto?
Bacharelado em Física, Mestrado em Física Básica, Doutorado em Física da Matéria Condensada, Pós-doutorado em Física Estatística e Computacional. Primeiro emprego na USP, aos 40 anos de idade!
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Você era muito estudioso no colégio?
Não. Eu apenas lia compulsivamente enciclopédias…Tirar nota boa sempre foi fácil.
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Que tipo de tecnologia você está usando para sua investigação?
Um bom notebook é suficiente para realizar minha pesquisa. Read more [+]
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SemciênciaBlog sobre a (minha) vida científica – "E toda banda larga será inútil se a mente for estreita" |
Entrevista com Osame Kinouchi
Artigos em neurociência teórica, criticalidade em árvores dendríticas
Leonardo Lyra Gollo me incentivou a retomar o blog. Obrigado pelo incentivo, Leo!
Single-Neuron Criticality Optimizes Analog Dendritic Computation
(Submitted on 17 Apr 2013)
Neurons are thought of as the building blocks of excitable brain tissue. However, at the single neuron level, the neuronal membrane, the dendritic arbor and the axonal projections can also be considered an extended active medium. Active dendritic branchlets enable the propagation of dendritic spikes, whose computational functions, despite several proposals, remain an open question. Here we propose a concrete function to the active channels in large dendritic trees. By using a probabilistic cellular automaton approach, we model the input-output response of large active dendritic arbors subjected to complex spatio-temporal inputs, and exhibiting non-stereotyped dendritic spikes. We find that, if dendritic spikes have a non-deterministic duration, the dendritic arbor can undergo a continuous phase transition from a quiescent to an active state, thereby exhibiting spontaneous and self-sustained localized activity as suggested by experiments. Analogously to the critical brain hypothesis, which states that neuronal networks self-organize near a phase transition to take advantage of specific properties of the critical state, here we propose that neurons with large dendritic arbors optimize their capacity to distinguish incoming stimuli at the critical state. We suggest that “computation at the edge of a phase transition” is more compatible with the view that dendritic arbors perform an analog and dynamical rather than a symbolic and digital dendritic computation.
| Comments: | 11 pages, 6 figures |
| Subjects: | Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC) |
| Cite as: | arXiv:1304.4676 [q-bio.NC] |
| (or arXiv:1304.4676v1 [q-bio.NC] for this version) |
Mechanisms of Zero-Lag Synchronization in Cortical Motifs
(Submitted on 18 Apr 2013)
Zero-lag synchronization between distant cortical areas has been observed in a diversity of experimental data sets and between many different regions of the brain. Several computational mechanisms have been proposed to account for such isochronous synchronization in the presence of long conduction delays: Of these, the phenomena of “dynamical relaying” – a mechanism that relies on a specific network motif (M9) – has proven to be the most robust with respect to parameter and system noise. Surprisingly, despite a contrary belief in the community, the common driving motif (M3) is an unreliable means of establishing zero-lag synchrony. Although dynamical relaying has been validated in empirical and computational studies, the deeper dynamical mechanisms and comparison to dynamics on other motifs is lacking. By systematically comparing synchronization on a variety of small motifs, we establish that the presence of a single reciprocally connected pair – a “resonance pair” – plays a crucial role in disambiguating those motifs that foster zero-lag synchrony in the presence of conduction delays (such as dynamical relaying, M9) from those that do not (such as the common driving triad, M3). Remarkably, minor structural changes to M3 that incorporate a reciprocal pair (hence M6, M9, M3+1) recover robust zero-lag synchrony. The findings are observed in computational models of spiking neurons, populations of spiking neurons and neural mass models, and arise whether the oscillatory systems are periodic, chaotic, noise-free or driven by stochastic inputs. The influence of the resonance pair is also robust to parameter mismatch and asymmetrical time delays amongst the elements of the motif. We call this manner of facilitating zero-lag synchrony resonance-induced synchronization and propose that it may be a general mechanism to promote zero-lag synchrony in the brain.
| Comments: | 27 pages, 8 figures |
| Subjects: | Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC) |
| Cite as: | arXiv:1304.5008 [q-bio.NC] |
| (or arXiv:1304.5008v1 [q-bio.NC] for this version) |
Aliens e Sondas Extraterrestres: cadê todo mundo?
Mais referências para o meu paper sobre Paradoxo de Fermi:
Galactic exploration by directed Self-Replicating Probes, and its implications for the Fermi paradox
(Submitted on 5 Jun 2012 (v1), last revised 20 Aug 2012 (this version, v2))
This paper proposes a long term scheme for robotic exploration of the galaxy,and then considers the implications in terms of the `Fermi paradox’ and our search for ETI. We discuss the parameter space of the `galactic ecology’ of civilizations in terms of the parameters T (time between ET civilizations arising) and L, the lifetime of these civilizations. Six different regions are described.
| Comments: | 1 figure |
| Subjects: | Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph) |
| Cite as: | arXiv:1206.0953 [physics.pop-ph] |
| (or arXiv:1206.0953v2 [physics.pop-ph] for this version) |
Fermi Paradox Points to Fewer Than 10 Extraterrestrial Civilizations
The absence of alien probes visiting the solar system places severe limits on the number of advanced civilizations that could be exploring the galaxy.
Aliens on Earth. Are reports of close encounters correct?
(Submitted on 26 Mar 2012 (v1), last revised 12 Jul 2012 (this version, v2))
Popular culture (movies, SF literature) and witness accounts of close encounters with extraterrestrials provide a rather bizarre image of Aliens behavior on Earth. It is far from stereotypes of human space exploration. The reported Aliens are not missions of diplomats, scientists nor even invasion fleets; typical encounters are with lone ETs (or small groups), and involve curious behavior: abductions and experiments (often of sexual nature), cattle mutilations, localized killing and mixing in human society using various methods. Standard scientific explanations of these social memes point to influence of cultural artifacts (movies, literature) on social imagination, projection of our fears and observations of human society, and, in severe cases, psychic disorder of the involved individuals. In this work we propose an alternate explanation, claiming that the memes might be the result of observations of actual behavior of true Aliens, who, visiting Earth behave in a way that is then reproduced by such memes. The proposal would solve, in natural way, the Fermi paradox.
| Comments: | Revised version, taking into account the British Ministry of Defence unclassified UFO related documents |
| Subjects: | Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph); Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph) |
| Cite as: | arXiv:1203.6805 [physics.pop-ph] |
| (or arXiv:1203.6805v2 [physics.pop-ph] for this version) |
Novo artigo sobre automata celulares e Paradoxo de Fermi
Saiu um novo artigo sobre a hipótese de percolação para o Paradoxo de Fermi, onde simulações de automata celulares em três dimensões são usadas. Dessa vez, a conclusão dos autores é a de que as simulações não suportam a hipótese.
Bom, acho que isso não é o fim da história. Eu já sabia que, para a hipótese dar certo, a difusão deveria ser critica (ou seja, formando um cluster crítico ou levemente supercrítico de planetas ocupados).
Ou seja, a hipótese precisa ser complementada com algum argumento de porque a difusão deveria ser crítica. Bom, como sistemas críticos são abundantes nos processos sociais e biológicos, eu acho que basta encontrar esse fator de criticalidade para justificar o modelo. Minha heurística seria: Read more [+]
Parceria BioMed Central e USP
A lembrar quando submeter artigos:
Prezados (as) Senhores (as),
Informamos que a Universidade de São Paulo tornou-se parceira da BioMed Central – casa publicadora que mantém um conjunto de periódicos de alto fator de impacto. É uma iniciativa da British Library com o BioMed Central Group, parte da Springer Science+Business Media, que oferece 243 periódicos de acesso aberto.Tal parceria beneficiará a USP de duas maneiras:(1) Os autores da USP terão 25% de desconto para a publicação de seus artigos em qualquer revista da Biomed Central; o preço do artigo varia de revista para revista.(2) O SIBiUSP receberá a transferência do texto completo publicado por todo e qualquer pesquisador da casa e respectivos metadados, para a Biblioteca Digital de Produção Intelectual, no prazo de 24 horas da publicação – isto será feito sempre que um artigo novo da USP é publicado.O endereço para acesso ao BioMed Central é http://www.BioMedCentral.com onde está disponível um tutorial para submissão de artigos. O período de assinatura é de julho de 2012 a junho de 2013.Os autores USP serão reconhecidos pelo IP da Instituição (incluindo o acesso por VPN) ou, pelo e-mail institucional (@usp.br ).Comunicamos, ainda, que esclarecimentos de dúvidas podem ser solicitados à Sra. Natalia Timiraos ([email protected])Atenciosamente,Profa. Titular Sueli Mara Soares Pinto FerreiraChefe Técnica de DepartamentoDT/SIBiUSP
Grafos de fala medem desordem de pensamento em psicoses
Este paper saiu em abril de 2012 e foi comentado na Folha de São Paulo. Ver também aqui e aqui.
Speech Graphs Provide a Quantitative Measure of Thought Disorder in Psychosis
10/04/2012 - 10h25
Análise matemática da fala flagra esquizofrenia
GIULIANA MIRANDA
DE SÃO PAULO
A forma como alguém conta uma história pode revelar muitas coisas, inclusive transtornos psiquiátricos. Pesquisadores brasileiros criaram um método que consegue identificar pacientes com esquizofrenia e com mania apenas usando a fala.
O trabalho começou a ser desenvolvido em 2006 e, ao longo do tempo, envolveu um time de cientistas de várias especialidades, liderados por uma equipe do Instituto do Cérebro da UFRN (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, em Natal).
Os pesquisadores criaram um modelo que transforma em gráficos (grafos) o discurso dos pacientes. E, a partir desse padrão, é possível identificar padrões e correlações que são bastante específicos dessas duas psicoses.
No experimento, os cientistas analisaram 24 pessoas, sendo oito delas com diagnóstico prévio de esquizofrenia, oito de mania e oito sem psicoses diagnosticadas.
| Editoria de arte/Folhapress | ||
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O MÉTODO Read more [+]
A solução de percolação para o Paradoxo de Fermi
Parece que a idéia de Geoffrey A. Landis para resolver o Paradoxo de Fermi vai ser conhecida como solução de Percolação. Branislav Vukotic e Milan M. Cirkovik implementaram recentemente um modelo de automata celulares para descrever o processo de colonização galática. Uma das conclusões foi a de que a hipótese de colonização percolativa é consistente com o modelo. Ou seja, não é uma prova que a idéia esteja correta, mas sim que é uma idéia viável e não foi refutada pelas simulações. Nas palavras dos autores:
The porosity of large = 3 clusters in our simulations (Fig. 6), coupled with low V/V0 (Fig. 11), demonstrates how this still seems acceptable within the ”Copernican” framework, thus essentially confirming the conclusions of Landis (1998) and Kinouchi (2001), but with addition of catastrophic reset events.
Astrobiological Complexity with Probabilistic Cellular Automata
(Submitted on 15 Jun 2012 (v1), last revised 25 Jun 2012 (this version, v2))
Search for extraterrestrial life and intelligence constitutes one of the major endeavors in science, but has yet been quantitatively modeled only rarely and in a cursory and superficial fashion. We argue that probabilistic cellular automata (PCA) represent the best quantitative framework for modeling astrobiological history of the Milky Way and its Galactic Habitable Zone. The relevant astrobiological parameters are to be modeled as the elements of the input probability matrix for the PCA kernel. With the underlying simplicity of the cellular automata constructs, this approach enables a quick analysis of large and ambiguous input parameters’ space. We perform a simple clustering analysis of typical astrobiological histories and discuss the relevant boundary conditions of practical importance for planning and guiding actual empirical astrobiological and SETI projects. In addition to showing how the present framework is adaptable to more complex situations and updated observational databases from current and near-future space missions, we demonstrate how numerical results could offer a cautious rationale for continuation of practical SETI searches.
| Comments: | Added minor language corrections, 37 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables; “Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres,” accepted for publication |
| Subjects: | Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM); Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG); Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph) |
| Cite as: | arXiv:1206.3467v2 [astro-ph.IM] |
Persistence solves Fermi Paradox but challenges SETI projects
Osame Kinouchi (DFM-FFCLRP-Usp)
(Submitted on 8 Dec 2001)
Persistence phenomena in colonization processes could explain the negative results of SETI search preserving the possibility of a galactic civilization. However, persistence phenomena also indicates that search of technological civilizations in stars in the neighbourhood of Sun is a misdirected SETI strategy. This last conclusion is also suggested by a weaker form of the Fermi paradox. A simple model of a branching colonization which includes emergence, decay and branching of civilizations is proposed. The model could also be used in the context of ant nests diffusion.
| Comments: | 2 pages, no figures, v2 with corrected definition of branching ratio |
| Subjects: | Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn); Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech) |
| Cite as: | arXiv:cond-mat/0112137v1 [cond-mat.dis-nn] |
Como colocar papers no ArXiv?
Siga o seguinte algoritmo:
1. Faça um paper (ou pelo menos assine um).
2. No dia em que estiver submetendo o paper para a revista, entre no site do Arxiv ( a menos que você ache que seu paper é muito revolucionário – ou mal escrito – para alguma revista publicar).
3. Leia as instruções de como colocar um paper no ArXiv que estão aqui.
4. Siga as instruções e coloque seu paper ao ArXiv.
From: [email protected]
To: leonardo@****
Sent: Monday, January 16, 2012 2:10:11 AM
Subject: arXiv Replacement -> 1109.2036 in q-bio.NC from leonardo@****
Your replacement of 1109.2036 by submission submit/******* has
been published and is available at:
http://arxiv.org/abs/1109.2036
The paper password for this article is: *****
Please share this with your co-authors. They may use it to claim ownership.
Abstract will appear in today’s mailing as:
arXiv:1109.2036
From: Leonardo L. Gollo <[email protected]>
Date: Fri, 9 Sep 2011 15:03:09 GMT (77kb)
Date (revised v2): Fri, 13 Jan 2012 20:10:34 GMT (668kb)
Title: Statistical Physics approach to dendritic computation: The
excitable-wave mean-field approximation
Authors: Leonardo L. Gollo, Osame Kinouchi and Mauro Copelli
Categories: q-bio.NC
Comments: 30 pages, 8 figures
Journal-ref: Phys. Rev. E, 85, 011911 (2012)
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.85.011911
We analytically study the input-output properties of a neuron whose active
dendritic tree, modeled as a Cayley tree of excitable elements, is subjected to
Poisson stimulus. Both single-site and two-site mean-field approximations
incorrectly predict a non-equilibrium phase transition which is not allowed in
the model. We propose an excitable-wave mean-field approximation which shows
good agreement with previously published simulation results [Gollo et al., PLoS
Comput. Biol. 5(6) e1000402 (2009)] and accounts for finite-size effects. We
also discuss the relevance of our results to experiments in neuroscience,
emphasizing the role of active dendrites in the enhancement of dynamic range
and in gain control modulation.
Phys. Rev. E 85, 011911 (2012) [13 pages]
Statistical physics approach to dendritic computation: The excitable-wave mean-field approximation
Abstract
Osame Kinouchi†
Laboratório de Física Estatística e Biologia Computacional, Departamento de Física, FFCLRP, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida dos Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
Mauro Copelli‡
Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
Received 12 September 2011; revised 23 November 2011; published 12 January 2012
We analytically study the input-output properties of a neuron whose active dendritic tree, modeled as a Cayley tree of excitable elements, is subjected to Poisson stimulus. Both single-site and two-site mean-field approximations incorrectly predict a nonequilibrium phase transition which is not allowed in the model. We propose an excitable-wave mean-field approximation which shows good agreement with previously published simulation results [ Gollo et al. PLoS Comput. Biol. 5 e1000402 (2009)] and accounts for finite-size effects. We also discuss the relevance of our results to experiments in neuroscience, emphasizing the role of active dendrites in the enhancement of dynamic range and in gain control modulation.
©2012 American Physical Society
URL:
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevE.85.011911
DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevE.85.011911
PACS:
87.19.ll, 05.10.-a, 87.19.lq, 87.19.ls
Computação dendrítica analógica
Finalmente saiu o Gollo, Kinoouchi and Copelli – PRE 2012
From: “American Physical Society”
To: leonardo@
Sent: Thursday, January 12, 2012 4:48:08 PM
Subject: Notification of Online Publication of Your Article in Phys. Rev. E [EJ10756]
Dear Dr. Gollo,
We are pleased to inform you that your article, “Statistical physics approach to dendritic computation: The excitable-wave mean-field approximation” has been published online today, 12 January 2012, in the January 2012 issue of Physical Review E (Vol.85, No.1):
URL: http://link.aps.org/doi/10.
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.85.011911
Thank you for choosing to publish with the American Physical Society.
Respectfully yours,
Physical Review E
American Physical Society
Mais um paper (nosso) em Avalanches Neuronais
O interessante desse trabalho é que as redes são de neurônios inibitórios… Lembrar de falar para o Maurício enfatizar isso na dissertação!
This article is part of the supplement: Twentieth Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting: CNS*2011
Poster presentation
Signal propagation and neuronal avalanches analysis in networks of formal neurons
Mauricio Girardi-Schappo1*, Marcelo HR Tragtenberg1 and Osame Kinouchi2
- * Corresponding author: Mauricio Girardi-Schappo [email protected]
1 Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-970, Brazil
2 Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
BMC Neuroscience 2011, 12(Suppl 1):P172 doi:10.1186/1471-2202-12-S1-P172
The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2202/12/S1/P172
| Published: | 18 July 2011 |
© 2011 Girardi-Schappo et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Poster presentation
To study neurons with computational tools, one may call upon, at least, two different approaches: (i) Hodgkin-Huxley like neurons [1] (i.e. biological neurons) and (ii) formal neurons (e.g. Hindmarsh-Rose (HR) model [2], Kinouchi-Tragtenberg (KT) model [3], etc). Formal neurons may be represented by ordinary differential equations (e.g. HR), or by maps, which are dynamical systems with continuous state variables and discrete time dynamics (e.g. KT). A few maps had been proposed to describe neurons [3-10]. Such maps provide one with a number of computational advantages [10], since there is no need to set any precision on the integration variable, which leads to better performance in the calculations.
An extended KT neuron model, here called KTz model, has been studied in [4] and [5], may be supplied with a Chemical Synapse Map (CSM) in order to study interacting neurons in a lattice, in the framework of coupled map lattices. KTz model presents most of the standard behavior of excitable cells like fast spiking, regular spiking, bursting, plateau action potentials and adaptation phenomena, and the CSM is in good agreement with some standard functions used to model post-synaptic currents, like the alpha function or the double-exponential function [4]. Preliminary results indicate antiferromagnetic oscillatory behavior or plane wave behavior in KTz neurons coupled with inhibitory CSM on a square lattice.
Besides, many systems in nature are characterized by complex behavior where large cascades of events, named avalanches, unpredictably alternate with periods of little activity (e.g. snow avalanches, earthquakes, etc). Avalanches are described by power law distributions and when the branching parameter equals to unity, the system is said to be a self-organized critical (SOC) system [13]. These have been observed for neuronal activity in vitro [11,12]. And since both SOC systems and neuronal activity show large variability, long-term stability and memory capabilities, networks of neurons have been proposed to be SOC systems. This hypothesis was tested in [13], where they made comparisons among in vivo recordings using Local Field Potentials in three macaque monkeys performing a short term memory task and three different well-established subsampled SOC models (e.g. Sandpile model, Random Neighbour Sandpile model and Forest Fire model). Some similar comparison has been done in [14] with in vivo data from fourteen rats and a cellular automaton developed by the authors.
We claim that still no simulation has been made to detect whether formal or realistic neuron models can evolve naturally to a SOC state, in a full or subsampled network. Our simulations are made with KTz model, which is a formal neuron, but keeps the usual behaviors of living cells, connected through CSM on a square lattice. We divided the work into two parts: (i) the analysis of network itself and how it evolves with time from a given initial state, varying its parameters and (ii) the analysis of the data generated by a network of silent cells, stimulated at random sites, trying to resemble the SOC models above. We compare these second part results with the experimental ones presented in [11-13].
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Beggs JM, Plenz D: Neuronal avalanches are diverse and precise activity patterns that are stable for many hours in cortical slice cultures.
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